Background: One of the challenges for first-year MBBS students is adjusting to the demanding nature of professional medical education. The conditions under which students live in home and non-home environments differ and may affect how they perform academically. Understanding this could enable us to pinpoint the areas requiring intervention to raise academic achievement. The current study was carried out with the goal of comparing the academic performance of first-year MBBS students residing in home and non-home environments. Materials and Methods: Two groups of first-year MBBS students were involved in the current study: Group1: 52 students residing at home, Group2: 50 students residing as paying guests or living in hostels away from home. The first-year university examination scores of these two student groups were compared using the independent t-test. The same test was also used to compare the NEET-UG scores, which was used to gauge their prior academic performance. Information on residential status, NEET-UG scores and the percentage of marks in their first-year MBBS university examination was obtained from the college records. Result: The percentage of marks scored by students who lived in a home environment was significantly higher than students residing in non-home environments. The NEET-UG scores did not significantly differ between the two groups, suggesting that the groups' prior academic performance was similar. Conclusion: First year MBBS students staying in home environment are likely to show better academic performance than first year MBBS students staying in a non-home environment.